Power and Waiting Time Efficiency at Automatic Toll Gates With the Contactless Card Payment Implementation

One method of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) in Automatic Toll Gate (ATG) currently uses contactless transactions using Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology. Tracking and monitoring objects (the car) with RFID is carried out in real-time and is required to keep up with the speed of an object (the car). The On-Board Unit (OBU) transponder installed on the car's windshield and the Road Side Unit (RSU) installed on the ATG are the main components of the Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) system, which allows the car and ATG to communicate with each other and carry out transactions, including online toll payments, without making contact. The motivation for carrying out this research is to determine power and waiting time efficiency at Automatic Toll Gates with the contactless card payment implementation by comparing the communication range between the OBU in the car and the RSU at the Automatic Toll Gate with respect to the battery power in the OBU. Furthermore, this research aims to determine the difference in response time between the ETC system, which still contacts the payment card, and the ETC system, which does not contact the payment card (contactless) and already uses the RFID technology. It is estimated that the response time between ETC systems that still contact the payment card is longer compared to ETC systems that do not contact the payment card and already use RFID technology. The method used in this research is to design and make a prototype of the OBU and RSU, then simulate and measure the range and response time of the OBU installed on the car with the RSU installed on the ATG.